Insulator is a device that can withstand the effects of voltage and mechanical stress installed between conductors of different potentials or between conductors and grounding members. There are many types of insulators and different shapes. Although the structure and shape of different types of insulators are quite different, they are composed of two parts: insulators and connecting fittings.

Insulator is a special insulation control, which can play an important role in overhead transmission lines. In the early years, insulators were mostly used for poles, and gradually developed into high-voltage wire connection tower with many disc-shaped insulators hanging at one end. It is designed to increase the creepage distance, usually made of glass or ceramics, called insulators. Insulators should not fail due to various electromechanical stresses caused by changes in environmental and electrical load conditions. Otherwise, insulators will not have a significant effect and will damage the use and operating life of the entire line. Insulators, as our key export products, are widely exported to Central Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe and America. Mainly divided into the following types:

Suspension insulators are widely used in the insulation and mechanical fixing of high-voltage overhead transmission lines and soft busbars in power generation and substations. In the suspension insulator, it can be divided into disc-shaped suspension insulator and rod-shaped suspension insulator. Disc-shaped suspension insulators are the most widely used insulators for transmission lines. Rod-shaped suspension insulators have been widely used in Germany and other countries.

Pillar insulators are mainly used for insulation and mechanical fixing of busbars and electrical equipment in power plants and substations. In addition, post insulators are often used as components of electrical equipment such as disconnectors and circuit breakers. Among the post insulators, they can be divided into needle post insulators and rod post insulators. Pin-type post insulators are mostly used in low-voltage distribution lines and communication lines, and rod-type post insulators are mostly used in high-voltage substations.

The porcelain insulator is made of electrical ceramics. Electrical ceramics are made by baking quartz, feldspar and clay as raw materials. The surface of the porcelain parts of the porcelain insulator is usually covered with enamel to improve its mechanical strength, waterproof and infiltration, and increase the surface smoothness. Among all types of insulators, porcelain insulators are most commonly used.

The glass insulator is made of tempered glass. The surface is in a state of compressive prestress, such as cracks and electrical breakdown, the glass insulator will break itself into small pieces, commonly known as "self-explosive". This feature eliminates the need for "zero value" testing of glass insulators during operation.

Composite insulator consists of fiberglass resin core rod (or core tube), organic material sheath and umbrella skirt. It is characterized by small size, light weight, high tensile strength, and excellent anti-fouling flashover performance. But the anti-aging ability is not as good as porcelain and glass insulators. Composite insulators include: rod-shaped suspension insulators, insulating crossarms, post insulators and hollow insulators (ie composite bushings). Composite bushings can replace porcelain bushings used in a variety of electrical equipment, such as transformers, surge arresters, circuit breakers, capacitive bushings, and cable terminations. Compared with porcelain sleeves, in addition to its advantages of high mechanical strength, light weight and small dimensional tolerances, it can also avoid damage caused by explosion.

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